India faces an unprecedented mental health burden, with the National Mental Health Survey estimating 150-200 million individuals living with mental disorders. Vulnerability is not evenly distributed, socio-economic disadvantage, marginalization, and structural inequities amplify risks for depression and co-morbid conditions among specific groups such as adolescents in urban slums, tribal communities, migrants, and individuals with chronic illnesses. Social psychiatry emphasizes the interplay of social determinants, cultural context, and systemic barriers in shaping mental health outcomes, making it imperative to integrate clinical relevance with community realities.
This symposium brings together four researchers addressing depression among vulnerable populations through innovative, context-sensitive approaches:
Dr. Sudha Kallakuri explores a syndemic framework in the CODAD study, examining bi-directional links between Type 2 diabetes and depression among low-income patients in India and South Africa. Findings from qualitative research and systematic review highlight cultural perceptions, lifestyle practices, and health system gaps influencing integrated care.
Dr. Mercian Daniel presents formative research from ASHVINS, a randomized controlled trial developing a technology-enabled platform for managing depression in cancer patients. The study demonstrates feasibility of hybrid behavioral activation interventions, digital self-monitoring, and clinician dashboards, emphasizing linguistic and cultural adaptation.
Prof. Pallab Maulik shares insights from SATHI, a community-based intervention in tribal villages of Andhra Pradesh aimed at reducing stigma and improving mental well-being. The study addresses social determinants such as gender, employment, and violence, and shows significant reductions in depression and anxiety through anti-stigma campaigns, livelihood support, and mhGAP (WHO) training.
Dr. Sandhya K. Yatirajula discusses ANUMATI, a cluster RCT promoting resilience among adolescents in urban slums through life skills education delivered via in-person and social media platforms. Co-designed with youth, this intervention strengthens coping, decision-making, and problem-solving skills, offering scalable strategies for mental health promotion.
Together, these presentations underscore the clinical relevance of social psychiatry in addressing depression within vulnerable populations by integrating syndemic perspectives, digital innovations, stigma reduction, and resilience-building. The symposium will highlight lessons for policy, practice, and research to advance equitable mental health care in India.
Mercian Daniel
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